More than half the participants mentioned this specifically. “I want to enter into a webpage and then get out. I don’t want to lull around,” one participant said. Some other person complained about slow downloading of graphics: “I like to see one picture that is good. I do not like to see a great deal of pictures. Pictures aren’t worth looking forward to.”
Study 1 employed a measure that is novel of’ boredom. Participants were instructed to select a marble up from a container on the table and drop it into another container every time they felt bored or felt like doing something different. Together, the 11 participants moved 12 marbles: 8 marbles while waiting for a typical page to download, 2 while waiting around for search results to look, and 2 when unable to get the requested information. (Participants did not bear in mind to use the marbles once they were bored). After Study 1, we abandoned the marble way of measuring boredom. Instead, we relied on spoken comments in Study 2 and a normal subjective satisfaction questionnaire in Study 3.
Conventional Guidelines for Good Writing are Good
Conventional guidelines include carefully organizing the info, using words and categories that make sense to your audience, using topic sentences, limiting each paragraph to one idea that is main and supplying the right quantity of information.
“You can not just throw information up there and clutter up cyberspace. Anybody who makes an online site should take the time to organize the given information,” one participant said.
When looking for a particular recipe in Restaurant & Institution magazine’s website, a few of the participants were frustrated that the recipes were categorized because of the dates they starred in the magazine. “this won’t help me to find it,” one individual said, adding that the categories will make sense to the user should they were forms of food (desserts, for instance) in the place of months.
Several participants, while scanning text, would read just the sentence that is first of paragraph. This shows that topic sentences are very important, as it is the “one idea per paragraph” rule. One individual who was simply wanting to scan a paragraph that is long, “It really is not so easy to find that information. That paragraph should be broken by them into two pieces-one for every topic.”
Clarity and quantity-providing the amount that is right of very important. Two participants who looked at a white paper were confused by a hypertext link at the end of Chapter 1. It said only “Next.” The participants wondered aloud whether that meant “Next Chapter,” “Next Page,” or something else.
Additional Findings
We also discovered that scanning may be the norm, that text should really be short (or at least broken up), that users like summaries as well as the inverted writing that is pyramid, that hypertext structure could be helpful, that graphical elements are liked when they complement the text, and that users suggest there clearly was a job for playfulness and humor in work-related websites. A few of these findings were replicated in Study 2 and generally are discussed within the section that is following.
Due to the difficulty with navigation in Study 1, we decided to take users directly to all pages and posts we wanted them blog link to read in Study 2. Also, the tasks were built to encourage reading larger amounts of text rather than simply picking out a fact that is single the page.
Participants
We tested 19 participants (8 women and 11 men), ranging in age from 21 to 59. All had at the least five months of experience making use of the Web. Participants came from a variety of occupations, mainly non-technical.
Participants said they use the net for technical support, product information, research for school reports and work, job opportunities, sales leads, investment information, travel information, weather reports, shopping, coupons, real estate information, games, humor, movie reviews, email, news, sports scores, horoscopes, soap opera updates, medical information, and information that is historical.
Participants began by discussing why the Web is used by them. Then they demonstrated a website that is favorite. Finally, they visited three sites that people had preselected and performed assigned tasks that required answering and reading questions about web sites. Participants were instructed to “think out loud” through the entire study.
The three preselected sites were rotated between participants from a set of 18 sites with a number of content and writing styles, including news, essays, humor, a how-to article, technical articles, a pr release, a diary, a biography, a film review, and commentary that is political. The assigned tasks encouraged participants to read through the writing, in the place of seek out specific facts. For some of the sites, the job instructions read the following:
“Please go right to the following site, that is bookmarked: site URL. Take several moments to read it. Feel free to glance at anything you desire to. The author is trying to make in your opinion, what are the three most important points? We will ask you to answer some questions. after you get the answers,”
We observed each participant’s behavior and asked several questions regarding the websites. Standard questions for every single site included
- “What could you say could be the primary purpose of the site?”
- “How would you describe the website’s model of writing?”
- “Just how can you would like the way it is written?”
- “How could the writing in this website be improved?”
- “How simple to use may be the website? Why?”
- “just how much can you like this site? Why?”
- “Do you have any advice for the writer or designer for this website?”
- “Think back again to the website you saw prior to this 1. Associated with two sites, which do you like better? Why?”
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Simple and Informal Writing are Preferred
This time was produced by 10 participants, several of whom complained about writing that has been hard to understand. Commenting on a film review in one site, another individual said, “This review needs a rewrite that is complete place it into more down-to-earth language, making sure that just anybody could see clearly and understand.”
Some participants mentioned they like informal, or conversational, writing much better than formal writing. “I prefer informal writing, because i love to read fast. I don’t like reading every word, in accordance with formal writing, you must read every word, and it slows you down,” one person said.